Everything about Endel Tulving totally explained
Endel Tulving (born
May 26 1927) is a
Canadian neuroscientist, born in
Estonia, whose speciality is
episodic memory. He is a professor emeritus at the
University of Toronto and a Visiting Professor of Psychology at
Washington University.
One of his main contributions is his theory of "encoding specificity." The theory emphasizes the fact that memories are retrieved from long-term memory by means of
retrieval cues. For example, a very large number of memories stored in ones brain are not currently active, but the word "Disneyland" might instantly call to mind a trip to that amusement park. The theory of encoding specificity states that the most effective retrieval cues are those that were stored along with the memory of the experience itself. Thus, the words "amusement park" might not serve to retrieve the memory of a trip to Disneyland because, while there, the park wasn't specifically thought of as an "amusement park." Instead, it was thought of as Disneyland. As such, that's the cue that retrieves the appropriate memory from the vast ocean of memories that are stored in one's brain.
His work about episodic memory used the amnesic patient
KC, who had intact
semantic memory but no
episodic memory.
In 1979, he was made a Fellow of the
Royal Society of Canada. In 1992, he was made a Fellow of the
Royal Society of London. In 2005 he won a
Gairdner Foundation International Award, Canada's leading prize in biology and medicine.
(External Link
) In 2006, he was made an Officer of the
Order of Canada, Canada's highest civilian honour.
(External Link) In 2007, he was inducted into the
Canadian Medical Hall of Fame.
Professor Tulving has an
h-index of 65.
Further Information
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